This website doesn't work on mobile.
Please view on your desktop or tablet.

The Decade Of

1990s

Decade Introduction

1990 - 1999

This decade saw the biggest changes in the competition since its beginning. Changes that led to the Eurovision Song Contest as we know it now. The enlargement of the contest in this decade led to new problems. The show still had to be around three hours long but it was hard to achieve when more than 25 countries decided to take part. Several possible solutions were proposed and used.

It was also decided that France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom, as the highest paying European Broadcasting Union subscribers, would automatically be allowed to take part every year, irrespective of their five-year point average.

  • The Decade in review

    Meanwhile in the 1990s

  • The birth of the web

    Had it not been for the 1990s, you wouldn’t be reading this! In 1990, the World Wide Web is invented by the Brit Tim Berners-Lee. The web was born just miles away from the EBU headquarters in Geneva, at CERN.

  • World conflicts

    In 1991, the Cold War ends as the Soviet Union collapses. Shortly after, Europe sees another war as Yugoslavia falls apart and the United States attack Iraq with operation Desert Storm.

  • President Mandela

    Nelson Mandela is elected president of South Africa (1995).

  • Diana dies

    In 1997, the world mourns when Princess Diana dies in a car crash in Paris.

  • The euro

    In 1999, the euro is chosen as Europe’s common currency. Most European Union states would join, Sweden, the United Kingdom and Denmark remain true to their national currency.

1990

Host City

Zagreb

Croatia's capital, Zagreb, was the choice of Yugoslavia's broadcaster JRT as host city for the 1990 Eurovision Song Contest.

22 countries participated, the same ones as in 1989. Many of the songs were about the political changes in Europe like the fall of the Iron Curtain and a united Europe. Norway's song Brandenburger Tor (Branderburg Gate) and Austria's Keine Mauern Mehr (No More Walls) reflected the German re-unification theme

More

  • Joëlle Ursull

    "White and Black Blues"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • Italy, the winner of this years contest.

    Technical problems

    The Spanish performance

    The Spanish performance was plagued by technical problems. First the backing track failed to play, then it was started too early. The delegation's conductor completely lost control and the duo, Azúcar Moreno, left the stage. The second attempt was successful and the duo ended up in the fifth place.

    The Belgian entrant, Philippe Lafontaine, reached the 12th place with his song Macédomienne. Afterwards, he refused to release the CD as the song was a love token for his FYR Macedonian wife, however he did release it years later to help a refugee project in Bosnia & Herzegovina.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2

  • Eurovision veteran, Serge Gainsbourg, wrote the French entry White And Black Blues performed by Joelle Ursull.

  • This was a spectacular multicultural song with lots of African drumming. It ended up sharing the second place with Ireland.

scoreboard

1990 results

Ireland

points

play on youtube

1991

Host City

Rome

The 1991 Eurovision Song Contest was supposed to be held in the seaside resort Sanremo.

The city is known for its annual festival of Italian music, but host broadcaster RAI moved it to Rome at a very late stage. This meant that RAI was not completely ready on the day of the contest, there were still works on the set to be done.

The winner of the previous year and the co-host of this year, Toto Cutugno, had big difficulties with the pronunciation of the song titles and names of the artists and conductors. The other host was Gigliola Cinquetti, Italy's first Eurovision winner from 1964.

More

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • Drawing of the set design in 1991.

    Eurovision song contest

    Postcards

    The postcards to present the different national singers were very special this year: the singers were asked to sing a known Italian song which would then be used as a short clip for the postcard.

  • Carola at Eurovisin in Concert in Amsterdam during a press meeting.

  • Carola performed many times at the Eurovision Song Contest.

    Eurovision song contest

    Winning songs

    Several songs have won with a minimum difference, in 1969 there were four songs tying for first place, but they were all declared winners. In 1991 we have the most extreme example with a tie for first place between Sweden and France. Sweden, with Carola, was declared the winner after a recent tie-break rule was put into action. This left France's Amina as the narrowest ever runner-up with 0 points margin.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2
  3. No.3

  • For the second time since 1956, the Netherlands decided to withdraw due to the country's Remembrance Day.

  • Malta took the open spot which meant that the country was back for the first time since 1975.

  • Yugoslavia's entry Baby Doll only got one single point from Malta but the extravagant act created a cult among fans.

scoreboard

1991 results

Monaco

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

The winning run

At the end of the voting procedure, both Sweden and France had 146 points each.

Because of that the newly created rule of 1989 was put in effect giving the victory to Swedish entrant Carola who got more '10 point votes' than France. Both Sweden and France had an equal amount of '12 point votes.'

Carola had already participated in 1983 with the song Främling which ended up 3rd in Munich. She had already tried to enter the 1990 contest in Zagreb but lost out in the Swedish national heats. In 2006 though, she would re-appear on the Eurovision stage in Athens, performing Invincible which came 5th.

More

1992

Host City

Malmö

For the third time after 1975 and 1985, Sweden was the host for the 1992 Eurovision Song Contest.

This time, the city of Malmö had the honour of hosting the contest. A new record of participating countries was set because the Netherlands returned to the contest this year, so 23 countries took part in the 1992 event.

The stage in the venue Malmö Mässan was a very interesting one as it was set in the shape of a Viking ship's bow with a dragon in the centre and stars on each side.

More

  • Book Of Records

    Longest note

  • Linda Martin

    "Why Me?"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • Linda Martin.

    Book of records

    The longest note

    Who has had the longest note in the history of the Eurovision Song Contest? There have been a lot of impressive notes: high, deep, rusty... and the long notes. This record is for Malta in 1992 with Mary Spiteri's 13 seconds long note.

  • Linda Martin.

Fun facts

  1. No.1

  • Switzerland's Daisy came 2nd in the country's national preselection, but the original winner was disqualified.

scoreboard

1992 results

Luxembourg

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Mr. Eurovision III

The runner-up in 1984, Linda Martin, won for Ireland this year with the song Why Me? composed by Johnny Logan who had already won twice before in 1980 and 1987.

Linda Martin managed to overcome the United Kingdom pre-contest favourite by Michael Ball who sang One Step Out Of Time as well as another song performed in English, Little Child by Maltese Mary Spiteri which ended up second and third respectively.

More

1993

Host City

Millstreet

The small city of Millstreet, Ireland, was the host for this year's Eurovision Song Contest.

1993 was the first year to feature a pre-qualifying heat for Eastern European countries.

The dissolution of the Eastern bloc and the disintegration of Yugoslavia created many new potential applicants. Because of that, seven countries from Eastern Europe had to participate in a preliminary heat called Kvalifikacija za Millstreet in Ljubljana, Slovenia. Bosnia & Herzegovina, Slovenia and Croatia made it through the preliminary heat and made their debut in the song contest as independent nations. Hungary, Slovakia, Romania and Estonia had to wait till the following year to be eligible to enter Europe's biggest musical event.

More

  • Interview

    Barbara Dex

  • Josh and Niamh Kavanagh

    "Fairytale"

  • Ruth Jacott

    "Vrede"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • The Eurovision stage.

  • Niamh Kavanagh.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2

  • The venue for the 1993 contest was very unusual - it was normally used for horse auctions in the tiny town of Millstreet.

  • The contestants complained they were in the middle of nowhere with not a pub in sight.

scoreboard

1993 results

Luxembourg

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Close call

Ireland had their second victory in a row with the song In Your Eyes performed by Niamh Kavanagh who shot to fame after featuring on the original soundtrack to the movie The Commitments.

After a nail-biting finish, Niamh managed to knock the United Kingdom entry into second place with the very last vote. The UK entry Better The Devil You Know by Sonia was seen by many as the favourite to win, as Sonia had had some international hits with the legendary producers Stock, Aitken and Waterman.

More

1994

Host City

Dublin

For the second consecutive time, Ireland hosted the Eurovision Song Contest, this time in its capital Dublin.

Due to the fact that so many countries wished to participate in the 1994 contest, the European Broadcasting Union decided to adopt a relegation system.

It would mean that the seven countries that finished at the bottom were relegated and couldn't participate in the 1994 edition of the show. Instead, Estonia, Lithuania, Russia, Poland, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia made their debut. However, Italy and Luxembourg withdrew voluntarily, so in the end only the bottom five countries of the 1993 contest in Millstreet - Turkey, Slovenia, Israel, Denmark and Belgium - were relegated.

More

  • Paul Harrington & Charlie McGettigan

    "Rock'n'Roll Kids"

  • Edyta Górniak

    "To Nie Ja"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • The winners of this years contest.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    Best debuts

    It was Serbia in their first participation as an independent state that won the contest in 2007 with Molitva by Marija Serifovic. This is considered by many as the best debut in the history of the Eurovision Song Contest.

    Of course, any of the participating countries in the very first edition of the contest would hold this record too, had they won. But it was Lys Assia who did it with her song Refrain for Switzerland.

    For some the best debut is that of Poland which first appeared at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1994 with a bang thanks to an amazing vocal delivery by Edyta Górniak and the ballad To Nie Ja! placing 2nd.

    In 2004 Serbia & Montenegro also placed 2nd in their first attempt. The song was Lane Moje and the singer Zeljko Joksimovic with the Ad Hoc Orchestra.

    Some years after, in 2000, Latvia was close when they placed 3rd in their debut thanks to their most popular band Brainstorm and their pop hit My Star. The same place as Denmark in their 1957 debut with Birthe Wilke and Gustav Winckler who gave viewers the longest on-stage kiss in the history of the contest to date.

  • The Riverdance during the interval act.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2
  3. No.3

  • The biggest commercial success of the 1994 contest was not one of the songs, but the interval act Riverdance.

  • The Irish dance sensation went on to be a world famous stage show, seen by millions of people all around the world.

  • The Polish song was almost disqualified as Edyta sang her song To Nie Ja! half in English in the last dress rehearsal.

scoreboard

1994 results

Sweden

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Three-time winner

Never before in the history of the song contest, had a country won three times in a row.

The Irish entrants Paul Harrington and Charlie McGettigan sang Rock 'n Roll Kids, which in the end was 60 points ahead of the runner-up and was the highest score ever at a Eurovision Song Contest to date. This overwhelming victory for Ireland would not be the last in this century, as just two years later in 1996, Ireland would win again.

More

1995

Host City

Dublin

And again to Ireland! For the third consecutive time, Ireland was the host of the 40th Eurovision Song Contest.

The contest was again held in the Point Theatre in Dublin - it was the first time ever that the Eurovision Song Contest took place in the same city for two years in a row.

As it was the 40th edition of the Eurovision Song Contest this year, the programme started with a three-minute compilation of previous contests.

In 1994, the European Broadcasting Union decreased the number of participants to 23 to make sure that the song contest would not last longer than three hours.

More

  • Secret Garden

    "Nocturne"

  • Anabel Conde

    "Vuelve Conmigo"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • Nocturne won the 1995 contest for Norway.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2
  3. No.3
  4. No.4

  • The bottom 7 of 1994 were relegated: Lithuania, Estonia, the Netherlands, Finland, Romania, Slovakia and Switzerland.

  • The 5 relegated countries from 1994 - Turkey, Slovenia, Israel, Denmark and Belgium - returned to the contest.

  • Despite the fact that Ireland did not win for the fourth time in a row, the Norwegian group's violinist was Irish.

  • Ireland itself and it's entry Dreamin' by Eddie Friel ended up at a disappointing 14th place.

scoreboard

1995 results

The Netherlands

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Scandinavia

1995 was the year of the Scandinavian countries at Eurovision: Norway won, Sweden came third and Denmark came fifth.

Germany had its worst placing ever, only the Maltese jury awarded one single point to Stone & Stone's Verliebt In Dich.

Bookmakers thought that the Swedish entrant Jan Johansen's song Se På Mig was favourite to win the entire contest, but instead neighbouring country Norway took first place with the song Nocturne performed by the group Secret Garden. The lyrics of the winning song only consisted of 24 words.

More

1996

Host City

Oslo

For the 1996 contest, the European Broadcasting Union replaced the relegation system with an audio preselection.

This new system was tried out in order to find a more acceptable method of whittling down the large number of potentially participating countries. Apart from the host country of Norway, all other potential participants - 29 countries in total - competed in this audio preselection, in which the national juries solely listened to audio tapes with the recordings of the 29 songs.

More

  • Gina G

    "Ooh Aah.. Just A Little Bit"

  • Maarja-Liis Ilus & Ivo Linna

    "Kaelakee hääl"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • The 1996 presenters.

  • Presenting the Blue Room, a new virtual reality used at the Eurovision Song Contest.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    Participants

    22 out of 29 countries plus Norway were allowed into the final. Germany, Israel, Denmark, Hungary, Russia, FYR Macedonia and Romania all failed to qualify. This type of pre-qualifier round was conceived by many broadcasters and the audience as rather peculiar, because the pre-selection was not broadcast and the full results of the voting were not made public. With the first time ever Germany couldn't participate - the organisers were also confronted with much less financial means than expected.

    However, the Norwegian broadcaster tried to modernise the contest this year. Virtual reality was used for the voting.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2
  3. No.3
  4. No.4

  • The contest was threatened by a conductor's strike after NRK wanted to leave out the orchestra conductor's appearance.

  • In the introduction video postcards, every participant received the best wishes from a government representative.

  • The show was hosted by Norwegian pop-band a-ha front man Morten Harket and Norwegian journalist, Ingvild Bryn.

  • They greeted each country in their national language.

scoreboard

1996 results

United Kingdom

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Ireland returns

Ireland got its seventh victory with the song The Voice performed by Eimear Quinn.

This was the fourth victory for Ireland in just five years. However, the winner was not the biggest commercial success in record sales this year.

The United Kingdom's song Ooh...Aah...Just A Little Bit by Australian Gina G, did not go down too well with more conservative juries, who perhaps felt her Paco Rabanne coin-clad dress and fast-paced performance was too racy for the Eurovision Song Contest. The song went on to be a big hit in the UK and in the USA, and Gina G was nominated for a Grammy as the Best Dance Act.

More

1997

Host City

Dublin

Ireland hosted the 1997 Eurovision Song Contest for the fourth time and for the third time in Dublin's Point Theatre.

The 1996 audio preselection procedure was dropped for a new system: the average results of all countries in the last five song contests were measured, and the 25 countries that had done best qualified for the final. Israel withdrew voluntarily, and Bosnia & Herzegovina took their place. Belgium, Finland, Romania and Slovakia were forced to take a break this year.

Televoting was introduced this year in the United Kingdom, Sweden, Austria, Switzerland and Germany and it would be extended to almost all participating countries in the following 1998 contest.

More

  • Katrina & The Waves

    "Love Shine a Light"

  • Eurovision Song Contest

    Voting system

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • For the fifth time in the history, the United Kingdom won.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    Primadonnas

    Russia's Alla Pugacheva - a star who has sold more records than ABBA - sang Primadonna . She was convinced of victory and demanded a limousine to pick her up when she arrived at the airport. Her Primadonna antics did not impress anyone, however, and she came only 15th.

    Another Eurovision Song Contest Primadonna was the Icelandic singer Paul Oscar, a star as big as Björk in his native country. His performance was breathtaking as he sang on a white leather sofa, flanked by four women in leather dominatrix outfits.

  • For the fifth time in the history, the United Kingdom won.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    The voting system explained

    There have been several voting systems used over the years. The most popular was introduced in 1975 when each jury was required to rank their top ten songs, with the famous 12 points or ‘douze’ points going to their top rated song.

    In the early years there were several variations on juries ranking their favourite songs, with either the top three or top five songs receiving points. The next most popular system required the ten members in each jury to choose their favourite song only. This was last used in 1974, when 24 people across Europe chose Waterloo as their favourite song.

    Televoting was first introduced in the 1997 contest, when five countries (Austria, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom) tested the initiative. One year later and the majority of participating countries adopted televoting with millions of calls and texts being made each year. Juries however are maintained as a backup in case of technical failure, or when an insufficient number of calls are received.

    Nowadays there is a 50/50 system used that combines televoting along with expert juries.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2

  • Irish boy band Boyzone were the interval act and their lead singer Ronan Keating co-hosted the evening.

  • The opening included messages from former contest stars, including Céline Dion and Morten Harket, beamed onto a massive video wall.

scoreboard

1997 results

France

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Love Shine A Light

The UK won for the fifth time in their history of Eurovision participation. With the song Love Shine A Light, Katrina & the Waves scored an unprecedented 227 points.

The total score for the United Kingdom included five sets of '10 points' and a record-breaking ten sets of '12 points'. The record was not matched again until 2005 when Helena Paparizou would win for Greece. However, in 2005, 39 countries would cast their votes, compared to a modest 25 in 1997.

Irish broadcaster RTÉ put a lot of resources into the set with great results: The stage was spectacular and gave the viewer the impression of a cave.

More

1998

Host City

Birmingham

Extravagance and controversy in the United Kingdom.

The 1998 Eurovision Song Contest from Birmingham resulted in a thrilling voting with one of the most controversial winners in the history of the contest: transsexual Dana International from Israel.

It was a taboo-breaking year for the contest with Dana International and Germany’s balding singer Guildo Horn. Dana sang the fitting Diva while Horn climbed all over the stage during his crazy performance.

Guildo Horn's extravagant performance resulted in record-breaking viewing figures in Germany. Fans even travelled abroad to be able to vote for the German entry. However, Guildo Hat Euch Lieb only ended up 7th.

More

  • Dana International

    "Diva"

  • Interview

    Dana International

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • Dana International from Israel sings Diva.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    Voting system

    Mass televoting took part for the first time and only countries which did not have a properly functioning telephone system were still allowed to vote through the national juries.

    There was a problem with the Spanish televote as Spanish televoters had awarded 12 points to Germany, but while announcing the points, the 12 points went to Israel! However, the mistake was quickly unearthed after the show.

  • Dana International from Israel sings Diva.

  • Dana International from Israel sings Diva.

  • Dana changed into this feather dress after performing.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    The orchestra explanained

    Until 1972 every song was performed entirely with the orchestra, and in 1973 Cliff Richard (United Kingdom), became the first artist to use a backing track in his performance. In 1979 the Italian entrants Matia Bazar became the first artists not to use the orchestra, and relied purely on backing tracks. The first winning song that didn’t use the orchestra was Rock ‘n’ Roll Kids for Ireland in 1994, with the two artists, Paul Harrington and Charlie McGettigan playing live.

    1998 was the last contest to feature a live orchestra. There had been an increasing trend of artists using pre-recorded backing tracks rather than using the orchestra, and by 1999 it was no longer obligatory on the host broadcaster to provide an orchestra, and by 2004 live music was excluded altogether.

Fun facts

  1. No.1

  • Italian broadcaster RAI decided to withdraw and only returned in 2011.

scoreboard

1998 results

Israel

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Dana wins

The extravagant trophy of the 1998 Eurovision Song Contest went to the equally extravagant Dana International from Israel.

She received the largest amount of media attention both before and after the show. During the voting process, it quickly became clear that either Israel, the United Kingdom or Malta were going to win, but the last vote from FYR Macedonia did not give a single point to Malta's Chiara, handing the victory to Israel. The United Kingdom came in second, and the Netherlands obtained their best result since 1975 - finishing in fourth place.

More

1999

Host City

Jerusalem

In 1999, the long-standing rule that each country had to sing in one of its own national languages was abolished.

It was also decided that France, Germany, Spain and the United Kingdom, as the highest-paying European Broadcasting Union subscribers, would automatically be allowed to participate every year, irrespective of their five-year point average. Also, the requirement of an orchestra was optional.

The Israeli broadcaster chose not to use an orchestra, which meant that for the first time in the history of the contest, all entries would perform using a backing track. This change was criticised by Johnny Logan, who commented that the contest turned into "karaoke".

More

  • Charlotte Nielsen

    "Take Me To Your Heaven"

Photo Gallery

The highlights

Begin

  • The stage in 1999.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    Favourites

    The Cypriot song by Marlain had been one of the favourites to win the contest, so many experts were shocked when the song just got 2 points altogether, both from the United Kingdom televote. The Croatian entry Maria Magdalena was sanctioned after the contest, as it used synthesised male backing vocals despite the rule stating that all vocals would have to be performed live on stage. Croatia lost 33% of their points, giving it a lower five-year average.

  • Presenters of the contest.

    Eurovision Song Contest

    New Language rules

    The change in the language rule in 1999 followed a run of mainly English language winners in the 1990’s, courtesy of Ireland and the United Kingdom. Many countries have since then opted to have songs in English, but there have even been some songs performed in entirely made up languages.

    However, 1999 wasn’t the first time there had been a free choice of language. A similar rule existed between 1973 and 1976, which let ABBA to sing Waterloo in English. They weren't the first Swedish entrant to perform in English; that honour went to Ingvar Wixell in 1965 with the song Absent Friend. It was this that led to the rules being tightened in 1966 that stipulated songs had to be performed in one of the native languages of a country.

    After a run of English language winners from 1974 to 1976, there was a return to the native language rule in 1977. A confusion in the rule change however allowed Germany and Belgium to perform in English in 1977.

Fun facts

  1. No.1
  2. No.2
  3. No.3

  • The winner of 1998, Dana International, was about to hand over the trophy, when she fell down on stage in her stilettos.

  • Dana's fall caused a security alert in the hall.

  • Lithuania was trying to keep its costs under control and they were allowed to arrive a day later than everyone else.

scoreboard

1999 results

Israel

points

play on youtube

Stories worth telling

Swedish surprise

The Swedish delegation was very surprised about their victory with Charlotte Nilsson's Take Me To Your Heaven.

In Sweden the song had been seen as old-fashioned, the European televoters thought differently though and saw the song as a charming homage to the ABBA-sound.

Sweden were threatened by the Icelandic and German songs during the voting, but when the Bosnian jury gave Sweden its 12 points while ignoring Iceland completely, it was clear that Sweden would be the winner of the 1999 Eurovision Song Contest.

More

Next Decade

2000s

Find your Eurovision song match Matchmaker
Eurovision

Credits

Project & Content Manager

Marieke Duijts

Editorial contributions

Victor Escudero
Olena Omelyanchuk
Gordon Roxburgh
Jarmo Siim

Concept

Scrn

Technical supervision

Wouter van Vliet

Digital Production

Elespacio - Lucas Onofre

Art Direction & Design

Elespacio - Brijan Powell
Elespacio - Samuel Hoh
Elespacio - Pavel Proshin

Development

Elespacio - Jacek Zakowicz
Elespacio - Cristina Franco
Elespacio - Jonathan Icicson

Photo & video credits

Getty Images
Beeld & Geluid (Dutch Institute for Sound and Vision)
BBC Photo Library
ORF/Thomas Ramstorfer
EBU
Stijn Smulders
Jan Demulder
Wim Dehandschutter
Femke de Laat
Andres Putting
Thomas Hanses
Dennis Stachel
Sander Hesterman
Elke Roels
Marieke Duijts
Indrek Galetin
Alain Douit
Kenneth Thorén (SVT)
SurFeRGiRL30
James Morley
Anthony Kelly
Sam Shaw
Peter Mackey
Philippe Schlesser
Polfoto - Jacob Maarbjerg
Jacinta lluch Valero
Gage Skidmore
Gustavo Devito
Robert Scoble
R Barraez D´Lucca
Asim Bijarani
Chris - RMS Olympic Broadside View Post-Titanic
Kamil Porembiński - RBMK-1000, Chernobyl
Dan Queiroz
François Péladeau / Vancityhotshots
NASA image acquired April 16, 2010
Julian Burgess
Alex Hill
Bryan Dorrough
South African Tourism
Maxwell Hamilton
Paisley Scotland
Alf Melin
Ross Fowler
Cliff
Yukiko Matsuoka
Irish Typepad
hobvias sudoneighm

Special thanks to

Samuel Andersson (SVT)
Stephanie Caflisch (EBU)
Jeroen Depraetere
Maartje Jansma (Beeld & Geluid)
Gijs Kimenai (Beeld & Geluid)
Maiken Maimets (OGAE)
Helen Ridell (BBC)
Sarah Sadek (EBU)
Jon Ola Sand (EBU)
Dave Goodman (EBU)
David A Allan

A special thanks to all Heads of Delegations, members of the Reference Group, EBU Member Broadcaster representatives and fans who have contributed to this project.

Project Supervisor

Sietse Bakker


The EBU and its service providers have made a substantial effort to seek and acquire permission from all relevant rights holders, but has not succeeded to identify the rights holder of certain content elements. In case you identify yourself as rights holder, please contact us at [email protected]

Copyright European Broadcasting Union 2015. All rights reserved. Access to and use of this website is provided by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), an association duly established under Swiss law, located at L'Ancienne-Route 17A, 1218 Grand-Saconnex (Geneva) Switzerland (the "EBU") subject to the following terms:
https://www.eurovision.tv/page/terms-of-use

With thanks

Eurovision Song Contest, Scrn, Elespacio